myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder

Early accurate diagnosis of MOGAD is important because prognosis and treatment differ from those for NMOSD and MS. Spinal involvement is seen as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with a sagittal T2-hyperintense intramedullary spinal line, the axial 'H' spinal cord sign (central cord gray matter T2 hyperintensity), and conus medullaris involvement. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were manually searched and reviewed. MRI is instrumental in distinguishing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) from multiple sclerosis (MS), but MRI features of. This review summarizes acute treatment and long-term prevention approaches in MOGAD. Background: MOG antibody disease is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by the presence of a serological antibody against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Intraorbitally, one sees edematous, enlarged, tortuous optic nerve or nerves bilateral long-segment T2 hyperintensity of anterior segments of the optic nerve sparing of the optic chiasm and retrochiasmatic pathways and perioptic nerve sheath and surrounding orbital fat enhancement. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) is an important etiology of neurologic morbidity and specifically, atypical, and relapsing optic neuritis. MOGAD and MS share a frequently relapsing clinical course and lesions with inflammatory demyelinating pathology.

Intracranial features that suggest MOGAD include childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis pattern with diffuse signal abnormality in the cortical gray matter, subcortical white matter, deep white matter, and deep gray matter on T2-weighted and FLAIR images few bilateral T2-hyperintense fluffy and poorly demarcated lesions pontine or thalamic involvement (or both) and cerebellar peduncle lesions in children. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a distinct central nervous system (CNS) disorder that shares features with multiple sclerosis (MS) and may be misdiagnosed as MS. We highlight the imaging characteristics of MOGAD and contrast them with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a distinct CNS inflammatory disease with symptoms and imaging findings that overlap other neuroinflammatory disorders.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder